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Organizational Research Methods, Vol. 10, No. 1, 136-179 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1094428106289396

Integrating Implicit and Explicit Social Cognitions for Enhanced Personality Assessment: A General Framework for Choosing Measurement and Statistical Methods

Mark N. Bing

University of Mississippi

James M. LeBreton

Wayne State University

H. Kristl Davison

University of Mississippi

Debrah Z. Migetz

University of Central Florida and Rollins College

Lawrence R. James

Georgia Institute of Technology

The current article advocates integrating implicit and explicit social cognitions for enhanced personality assessment in organizational contexts (e.g., personnel selection settings). Several methods for measuring implicit cognitions are reviewed, and their strengths and limitations are discussed. The most widely used method for measuring explicit cognitions, the self-report questionnaire, also is described along with its strengths and limitations. Implicit and explicit cognitions then are integrated to form a general model of personality prototypes. The authors describe several mechanisms by which implicit and explicit cognitions may operate (e.g., coact, interact) to predict criteria, depending on the nature of the personality construct assessed and the outcome of interest. These different operations implicate different statistical methodologies. The authors then present specific examples of this integrative procedure for enhancing personality assessment using the construct of achievement motivation. They conclude by discussing how future research could extend and apply this general framework for use with other personality constructs.

Key Words: implicit cognition • explicit cognition • integrative models • personality • measurement • mediation • moderated hierarchical multiple regression • polynomial regression


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