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A Review and Synthesis of the Measurement Invariance Literature: Suggestions, Practices, and Recommendations for Organizational Research
Robert J. Vandenberg
Charles E. Lance
University of Georgia
The establishment of measurement invariance across groups is a logical prerequisite to conducting substantive cross-group comparisons (e.g., tests of group mean differences, invariance of structural parameter estimates), but measurement invariance is rarely tested in organizational research. In this article, the authors (a) elaborate the importance of conducting tests of measurement invariance across groups, (b) review recommended practices for conducting tests of measurement invariance, (c) review applications of measurement invariance tests in substantive applications, (d) discuss issues involved in tests of various aspects of measurement invariance, (e) present an empirical example of the analysis of longitudinal measurement invariance, and (f) propose an integrative paradigm for conducting sequences of measurement invariance tests.
Organizational Research Methods, Vol. 3, No. 1,
4-70 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/109442810031002
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Responses to a Normative Conflict among American and Chinese Managers
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August 1, 2003;
3(2):
183 - 194.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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B. D. Zumbo
Does item-level DIF manifest itself in scale-level analyses? Implications for translating language tests
Language Testing,
April 1, 2003;
20(2):
136 - 147.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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K. Jung, S. H. Ang, S. M. Leong, S. J. Tan, C. Pornpitakpan, and A. K. Kau
A Typology of Animosity and its Cross-National Validation
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,
November 1, 2002;
33(6):
525 - 539.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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C. Robie, M. J. Schmit, A. M. Ryan, and M. J. Zickar
Effects of Item Context Specificity on the Measurement Equivalence of a Personality Inventory
Organizational Research Methods,
October 1, 2000;
3(4):
348 - 365.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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